It is a stressful job. Operators are exposed to continuous vibration for a long period of time. You don’t need a scientific study to say that driving a forklift is bad for your back.
Back pain is one of the injuries operators face during work. When the operator suffers from such a condition, medical attention should be immediately given, in that way the operators can get the help they need to prevent such a condition from becoming a long-term concern.
Here are some of the ways to help operators prevent or minimize back injuries when driving forklift:
- Forklifts don’t have suspension although those with pneumatic tires provide some cushioning, it isn’t enough to absorb the vibration. Vibration is the culprit why operators suffer back injuries. To address vibration or at least minimize it, the operator must be given issue-specific training.
- Provide a good cushion forklift seat. Immediately replace the old seat with a new one. Forklift sear is one of the accessories neglected that’s why it takes longer for the seat to be replaced. An air suspension seat is very essential in absorbing much of the machine vibration.
- Conduct a toolbox talk to tackle this matter. Doing so will educate the operators about the risks involved in driving the truck not only in the medical aspect but also in safety. Aspects such as road/floor condition, promoting good posture, break and stretching can be discussed)
Operators spend a lot of hours behind the wheel, exposing them to a myriad of safety and medical risks. Workers and management should work together to keep the work environment healthy and safe.
It Is Indeed True That Forklift Driving Cause Back Pain
Back pain is the often result of any profession, and forklift driving is not an excuse. Extended hours in driving seats in motion is a receipt of back pain.
According to the study conducted by the National Institute of Biotechnology Information (NIBI), 95% of forklift drivers suffer from lower back pain. Some drivers also reported to experienced neck pain. With these research findings, it may be concluded that pain is real and forklift drivers are at danger of enduring pain cases.
Sitting in a forklift driver seat is no different in sitting in a cushioned car chair. Remember that our body is not designed to be sitting down all day. The added motion, the stirring and shifting of the truck, the up and down vibrations, increase the chance of back pains.
Driving forklifts are overusing the ligaments, squeezing the muscles and compressing the joints, which are strained and inflamed, leading to muscle pain and back spasm.
A musculoskeletal injury - referring to the damage in the muscular and skeletal system, which is brought by strenuous activities, like forklift driving, is a common cause of sickness among drivers. Due to their monotonous movement of sitting inside a little space, they are prone to lower back pains.
The drivers also experience abnormal loading of the spine, which irritates the nerves, muscles and joints of the spine. This poor spinal mechanism leads to back pain.
As of this writing, lower back disorder among forklift operators is appearing to be an occupational health problem. A full review and study on these health issues should be addressed immediately.
Driving a Forklift Cause Spinal Compression
Since forklifts vibrate largely while the engine is running, the driver or operator is exposed to continuous vibration all day which is damaging to the spine. It is the onset of spinal compression. The pain may start from the neck going to the lower back of the operator, and if ignored can cause to as serious spine problem.
Operating a forklift involves a lot of movements like twisting, turning, bending and leaning. It can press and squeeze the spine and may damage the lower back especially if the driver or operator is not properly seated while working on the truck.
The long work shifts also contribute to the pressure on the cord. Sitting for hours strained the neck, shoulder, arms and knees. Working in long shifts may also cause headaches and dizziness that can cause accidents.
If the driver or operator has a poor human work posture while driving, it may lead to spinal compression. It is noted in the article published by Elsevier entitled “Forklift Workers Strain of Spines at Industrial Logistics in Depending on Human Work Posture”. The driver's awkward position is hazardous in the spine. It leads to the feeling of discomfort at the back as well as at the lower extremities. It increases the extension of the cervical spine and may dislocate the intervertebral disc.
With these, forklift operators must practice good posture at all times. New driving habits should be practiced to help alleviate the occurrence of pain.
Aside from Back Injury, Driving a Forklift Causes Shoulder Pain As Well
Even an ordinary car driver experienced pain in the shoulder when driving, so how much more pain it is to a heavy and huge forklift operator?
Just like an ordinary office employee, who repeatedly moves a mouse on a desk, experiencing tingling on shoulders and arms, just imagine a forklift operator undergoes on a typical work shift, there would be much pain and swelling on their shoulders.
There is an acknowledgment between shoulder pain and the steering wheel, the wheel size, the joystick of the forklift and the load the lift carries. Steering, operating the hydraulic controls and repetitive motion can strain the shoulders. This burdens the shoulder of the driver.
A strain in the shoulder is also more often brought by neck-related pain. As stated above, due to constant twisting and turning of the neck of the driver, if there would be a strain in the neck, the shoulder pain will follow.
Prolonged sitting can also add to the stiffness of the shoulders, which is seen among drivers.
One of the most common shoulder injuries among forklift drivers is the rotator cuff shoulder injury. It allows shoulder and arm movements. A rotator cuff may tear off due to degeneration of the tendon or overuse response like a repetitive pain or strain which is felt among forklift drivers. If the tear continues, the driver can experience pain, snapping sensation, and weakness of the arm. So, this pain should not be overlooked if the operator wishes to continue driving a forklift.
Driving Forklift is a Stressful Job
According to MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia, “stress” is defined as "the feeling of emotional or physical tension brought about by any event which brings frustration, anger and nervousness". It is a body reaction that may challenge or demands the person to feel it. It is usually felt when the demand of the situation is greater than the resources available to deal with the situation.
Workplace stress is common. A low-stress job appears to be unimaginable. Almost every job has its brand of stress, and forklift operating is not an exemption.
An operator should be excessively careful, aware and watchful in controlling the truck. Sometimes they advance and stir moderately because of the fear of accident which may put others at risk. Having to attain efficiency in working at the truck is additional stress.
According to the 2010 CareerCast list, the forklift operator is among the least stressful job, but that was a decade ago. Come on it's 2021! Driving a forklift creates much physical stress on the driver. It is said that an average forklift weight is equivalent to a female African elephant, approximately 3,600 kilograms or close to 9,000 lbs. Plus the weight of the item being at transported on the forks, which is large at the rear, isn’t that stressful?
A forklift driver also senses the burden on their shoulders, arms, neck and back, brought about the massive work in moving the truck. Repetitive movements cause them pain and musculoskeletal injuries that is being felt by the driver in operation. Having those senses add more to their stress.
Causes of Injuries When Operating Forklifts
Injuries may occur in the course of driving a forklift. Generally, an injury arises because the work environment is unsafe. It happens in many different contexts. Since the job requires repetitive and strenuous movement, it may cause danger and injury.
According to 2018 data of the US Bureau of Labor Statistics, there were 8,000 forklift-related injuries and an increase of roughly 6% from the previous year. These may compromise the worker and the workplace at the same time.
1. Advancing at excessive speed and load.
Excessive speed especially during roll-over is the most common forklift accident. When the truck travels too fast, it reduces the drivers’ response measure and increases an opportunity for injury. A forklifts speed radar system is inevitable to discourage overspeeding. Sadly, some forklifts are not equipped with a speedometer.
2. Faulty equipment due to poor maintenance of forklifts or mechanical conditions.
Just like an ordinary vehicle that undergoes Preventive Maintenance Service (PMS), forklifts are not an excuse in regular check-ups. Inadequate forklift inspection to maintain a powerful and expensive machine is a poor justification for an accident. Tires and thread, hydraulic system, the conditions of the fork and some safety devices should be inspected regularly. Deficient and defective upkeep of the truck may contribute to poor safety performance. It may increase cost and decrease daily operation in the warehouse.
3. Lack of training or improper training of workers to operate forklift trucks.
Improper training of the drivers is one of the utmost reasons of accident. It is important that all operators have up-to-date training, seminars and certifications. Sending or conducting hands-on time teaching assures the operator and driver, not only with truck-lifting operation and performance but also safe operating practices.
4. Poor workplace designs
Narrow passages, crowded and cluttered aisles, a bunch of obstacles along the road, poor surface conditions, the volume of traffic wherein workers are in forklift operation area and ramps are the design that should be considered in working with a forklift.
Common Back Problems Faced by Forklift Operators
List of potential back problems
- Lower back pain: Often caused by the repetitive movements and prolonged sitting that is typical in forklift operation.
- Sciatica: Characterized by pain, numbness, or weakness that radiates down the sciatic nerve, which runs from the lower back, through the hips and buttocks, and down each leg.
- Herniated or slipped disc: This occurs when the soft material inside a disc in the spine pushes through a crack in the outer casing.
- Muscle strain or sprain: Common in any job involving manual labor or repetitive movements.
- Degenerative disc disease: A condition caused by wear and tear on the spinal discs, which can result in pain, weakness, or numbness.
Explanation of each back problem, including symptoms, causes, and long-term effects
- Lower back pain: Symptoms include muscle aches, shooting or stabbing pains, and limited flexibility. Causes are often repetitive movements and prolonged sitting. Long-term effects can include chronic pain and reduced mobility.
- Sciatica: Symptoms include pain radiating from the lower spine down the leg, numbness, or difficulty moving. It's often caused by irritation of the roots of the lower lumbar and lumbosacral spine. Long-term, it can lead to permanent nerve damage.
- Herniated disc: Symptoms include pain, numbness, or weakness usually on one side of the body. The cause is often physical strain on the spine, and long-term effects can include chronic pain and nerve damage.
- Muscle strain or sprain: Symptoms include pain, muscle spasms, and limited flexibility. These injuries are often caused by lifting heavy objects or twisting the spine. Long-term, they can cause chronic pain if not treated properly.
- Degenerative disc disease: Symptoms include pain that is often worse when sitting, bending, lifting, or twisting. It's caused by the wear-and-tear of aging, and long-term, it can lead to chronic pain and reduced mobility.
Statistics or studies showing prevalence of back problems in forklift operators
Several studies have demonstrated a higher prevalence of back problems among forklift operators. According to a 2021 study by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), forklift operators have a 65% higher rate of musculoskeletal disorders, including back problems, compared to other occupations.
Similarly, a 2022 study in the Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine found that 58% of forklift operators reported lower back pain. The study concluded that the unique combination of sitting, vibration, and repetitive twisting movements in forklift operation contributed significantly to this elevated risk.
Preventative Measures for Back Health in Forklift Operators
Presentation of effective preventative strategies, including exercises and proper posture
Regular Exercise: Forklift operators should engage in regular exercises that strengthen the core and back muscles, like yoga, pilates, or targeted strength training.
Proper Posture: Maintaining a proper sitting posture can help prevent strain on the back. This includes keeping the back straight, shoulders relaxed, and feet flat on the ground.
Stretching: Regular stretching, especially before and after shifts, can help prevent muscle stiffness and pain.
Hydration and Nutrition: Proper nutrition and staying hydrated can help keep muscles and discs healthy.
Role of employers in preventing back problems (workplace ergonomics, rotation schedules, breaks, etc.)
Ergonomic Assessments: Employers can hire professionals to evaluate and modify the working conditions to better suit the physical needs of the forklift operators.
Breaks: Encouraging regular breaks can give operators a chance to stretch and move around, preventing muscle fatigue.
Rotation Schedules: Having workers switch tasks can prevent any one person from doing the same repetitive motions for an entire shift.
Training: Employers should provide training to help operators understand the importance of proper posture and body mechanics while operating a forklift.
Potential benefits of regular medical check-ups and early detection of back problems
Early Detection: Regular medical check-ups can detect potential issues early, before they develop into more serious conditions.
Treatment Plans: If a back problem is detected, medical professionals can provide treatment plans to help manage symptoms and prevent further damage.
Education: Doctors can provide valuable advice and education on maintaining back health and preventing future problems.
Workplace Adjustments: Regular check-ups can also lead to suggested modifications in the workplace or changes in the way tasks are carried out, contributing to long-term prevention.
To Make a Conclusion
Forklift operators are at a significant risk of developing back problems due to the nature of their work, which often involves prolonged sitting, repetitive movements, and exposure to vibration. These conditions can lead to a variety of musculoskeletal disorders, including lower back pain, sciatica, herniated discs, muscle strains or sprains, and degenerative disc disease.
Preventative measures such as regular exercise, maintaining proper posture, taking regular breaks, and having routine medical check-ups can play a crucial role in mitigating these risks and maintaining the overall health of forklift operators.
Encouragement for continued innovation and advocacy for healthier work conditions in forklift operation
Innovation in the design of forklifts and work environments is vital in reducing the risk of back problems in operators. More ergonomic designs, less physically demanding operations, and the integration of technology can all contribute to healthier work conditions. Advocacy for these improvements should be a priority among workers, employers, equipment manufacturers, and policymakers alike.
Final thoughts on the topic and its importance in the broader context of occupational health and safety
Back health among forklift operators is not just a matter of individual well-being—it's a significant occupational health and safety issue that deserves more attention. The steps we take to prevent back problems in this occupation can serve as a model for many other industries.
By promoting healthy working conditions and prioritizing worker health, we can create a safer, more productive workforce that is not just physically healthier, but also happier and more motivated. In the end, everyone benefits from an increased emphasis on occupational health and safety.
