The most common type of industrial emergency is fire. A fire extinguisher is an important tool that needs to be placed in different locations in the workplace.  

It is also important to provide the appropriate type of fire extinguisher based on the kind of risks that exist in the workplace. Workers including forklift operators must be familiar with its use and application. OSHA mandates employers to supply such training and familiarize the employees with emergency evacuation.

Now, if you were asking are fire extinguishers need to be mounted in forklifts, we have provided the answer to the question below and cited federal regulations to elaborate on the applicable laws about the use of fire extinguishers.

OSHA’s latest Powered Industrial Trucks standard (29 CFR 1910.178) does not mention the use of fire extinguishers but it is a good practice to equip the forklifts with them.

However, there are relevant federal laws governing the use and provision that must be followed. Here they are:

Related Laws Requiring the Provision of Fire Extinguishers

• The OSHA 29 CFR 1910.157 standard is about fire protection. This regulation requires companies to place portable fire extinguishers for the use of the employees and the provision of emergency action and fire prevention plans. Click here to read (2). Though, the standard does not state requirements on forklifts, however, it does mention that it should be readily available for employees to use to combat fires, it must be specific to the class of fire accidents that may occur.
  
  
• If you were in Texas, the State Office of Risk Management (SORM), mandates the provision of fire extinguishers, it was specifically stated in their RMTSA Vol. III, Section Two, Chapter 6, Subchapter 6.18 - Powered industrial trucks such as forklifts must be fitted with a portable fire extinguisher and it should be attached to a noticeable location, the type of extinguisher must be by the class of fire that may occur, workers operating the trucks must be educated on the proper use of the extinguisher.
  
  
• The National Fire Protection Association code and standard, NFPA 505, 2006 edition, paragraph 9, addresses the provision of portable fire extinguishers to lessen possible fire accidents involving forklifts, the location where it is mounted to make it accessible shall be in accordance with its manufacturer’s recommended advice.
  
  
• In addition, OSHA does require the provision of fire extinguishers whenever necessary or where there are sources of ignition. Forklifts could be powered by gasoline, diesel, liquefied petroleum gas, or electric, whatever type of truck you are operating, it poses a fire hazard during refueling or recharging.

Forklift Manufacturers Originally Fitted Its Truck

If the forklift manufacturer equips its truck with a fire extinguisher, the employer shall maintain and check the extinguisher, making it readily available and in good use whenever needed. The employer shall not modify the forklift, alter its function and remove any equipment that could hamper the safe use of the truck without written consent or authorization of the original manufacturer.

Other OSHA Requirements

• OSHA requires inspection of fire extinguishers installed in the workplace every month. Employers shall document its maintenance inspection on a regular or annual basis. Each fire extinguisher must be attached with an inspection tag, and label its inspection date accordingly to make a record of it.
  
  
• OSHA requires the mounting/installation of fire extinguishers in designated heights to make them accessible to employees. Portable fire extinguishers must be mounted in cabinets or braces, 3.5 feet to 5 feet above the floor surface. If the extinguishers are larger carrying more weight and volume, they must be placed 3 feet above the floor.
  
  
• OSHA requires that the fire extinguisher must be easily identified in the workplace. There are chances that they are blocked from view, and materials and equipment in the workplace could block them from being displayed. It is a good practice to put a sign, symbol or mark making it recognizable by people.

To Answer This Question

It is a fact that a number of big companies use forklifts in their daily business operation to carry and transport heavy materials from place to place. These companies must adhere to the aforementioned laws, therefore, fire extinguishers are required whenever a forklift is being operated. It is also a good practice however to install it on the forklift especially when the truck is to be operated in a location where there is no fire extinguisher provision, in places such as roads, lay down areas, construction sites, or anywhere outdoors.

It would be advisable to fit the forklifts with a designated fire extinguisher. LP-gas-powered trucks can be fitted with class C extinguishers such as dry powder. Gas and diesel-powered trucks can be installed with class B such as foam extinguishers. For electric forklifts, the designated extinguisher is class E such as CO2 fire extinguisher.

Fire Extinguishers You Can Buy for Your Forklifts

If you have now decided to fit your forklifts with fire extinguishers, here is what we recommend:

Amerex B500, 5lb ABC Dry Chemical Class A B C Fire Extinguisher (2)

5LB Multi-Purpose Dry Chemical Class ABC Fire Extinguisher Buckeye with Wall Mount, Sign and Inspection Tag

Kidde 466204 Pro 10 Multi-Purpose Fire Extinguisher, UL Rated 4-A, 60-B:C, Easy to Read Gauge, Easy to Pull Safety Pin

Selection of Appropriate Extinguisher

When selecting an appropriate fire extinguisher for a forklift, the most important factor to consider is the type of fuel used by the forklift. The following are the most common types of fuel used in forklifts and the appropriate fire extinguisher for each:

• Gasoline: Gasoline is a flammable liquid and is typically used in internal combustion engines. In the event of a fire, a Class B fire extinguisher, specifically designed for flammable liquids, would be the most appropriate type of fire extinguisher to use.
  
  
• Propane: Propane is a flammable gas and is commonly used as a fuel source in forklifts. A Class B fire extinguisher would be the most appropriate type of fire extinguisher to use in the event of a fire.
  
  
• Electric: Electric forklifts are powered by batteries and are not typically fueled by flammable liquids or gases. However, electrical fires can still occur due to short circuits or other electrical malfunctions. In the event of an electrical fire, a Class C fire extinguisher, specifically designed for electrical fires, would be the most appropriate type of fire extinguisher to use.

It's important to note that some fire extinguishers are multi-purpose and can be used on multiple classes of fire, so be sure to choose a fire extinguisher that is appropriate for the type of fuel used by the forklift and any other potential fire hazards in the area.

Types of Fire Extinguishers Suitable for Use on Forklifts

Having fire extinguishers on forklifts is an important aspect of workplace safety, as it can help prevent and control fires that may occur on or near the equipment. The type of fire extinguisher that is suitable for use on a forklift will depend on several factors, including the type of fuel or material that the forklift is handling, the size of the equipment, and the location of the fire extinguisher on the forklift.

There are several types of fire extinguishers that can be used on forklifts, including:

• Dry Chemical Extinguishers: These are commonly used on forklifts and are suitable for most types of fires, including those involving oil, gasoline, or electrical equipment.
  
  
• Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Extinguishers: These are suitable for fires involving electrical equipment, but are not suitable for fires involving oil or gasoline.
  
  
• Water Mist Extinguishers: These are suitable for fires involving electrical equipment and are less damaging to delicate equipment than other types of fire extinguishers.
  
  
• Halogenated Extinguishers: These are suitable for fires involving flammable liquids, such as oil and gasoline.

When choosing a fire extinguisher for use on a forklift, it is important to consider the type of fire that is most likely to occur and select an extinguisher that is suitable for that type of fire. Additionally, the fire extinguisher should be readily accessible to the operator and be easy to use in the event of a fire.

What Rating Fire Extinguisher for Forklift?

The appropriate fire extinguisher rating for a forklift depends on the types of potential fires that could occur in the environment where the forklift is used. Generally, forklifts operate in areas where flammable liquids (like hydraulic oil) and electrical equipment are present, suggesting a need for extinguishers rated for Class B (flammable liquids) and Class C (electrical equipment) fires.

A common recommendation is to use an ABC-rated fire extinguisher. This type of extinguisher is versatile and can handle:

• Class A fires involve common combustibles such as wood, paper, and cloth.
• Class B fires involve flammable liquids like gasoline, oil, and hydraulic fluid.
• Class C fires involves electrical equipment, which is especially relevant for electric-powered forklifts or any forklift with electrical systems.

The size and specific rating of the fire extinguisher should align with the specific risks associated with the forklift's operation and the environment it's used in. For example, a larger capacity extinguisher (e.g., 5 lb or more) might be recommended in areas with a higher risk of fire. Always consult with safety regulations and guidelines specific to your region or industry to ensure compliance and adequate protection.

What is the Best Fire Extinguisher for Electric Forklifts?

For electric forklifts, the best fire extinguisher type is often an ABC-rated dry chemical extinguisher. This is because electric forklifts, like all electrical equipment, can potentially be involved in electrical fires (Class C), as well as fires involving ordinary combustibles (Class A) and flammable liquids (Class B). An ABC-rated extinguisher is versatile and capable of addressing all these types of fires, making it a suitable choice for environments where electric forklifts are used.

However, for areas or industries with specific risks or where the highest safety standards are required, consider the following additional recommendations:

• For Electrical Fires:  Class C-rated fire extinguishers are essential. The ABC dry chemical extinguisher is effective here, but for environments with sensitive electronic equipment, a CO2 (carbon dioxide) or clean agent extinguisher (like Halotron) might be preferred. CO2 and clean agent extinguishers do not leave residue, which is beneficial for protecting the electronic components of the forklift and other nearby sensitive equipment.
  
  
• Special Considerations:  In some cases, based on the specific risks associated with the operation environment or materials handled, other types of extinguishers might be recommended as additional protection. For instance, if a forklift is used in an area with a high volume of flammable liquids, a specific Class B extinguisher in addition to an ABC extinguisher might be advisable.

When selecting a fire extinguisher for an electric forklift, consider the following:

1. Size and Weight: Ensure the extinguisher is of a manageable size and weight for quick and easy use.
2. Accessibility:  Mount the extinguisher in a location on the forklift where it is readily accessible in case of an emergency.
3. Maintenance:  Regular maintenance and inspections are crucial to ensure the fire extinguisher remains operational when needed. This includes checking the pressure gauge, seal, and physical condition of the extinguisher.

Lastly, training forklift operators and other employees on how to use the fire extinguisher correctly is crucial for effective emergency response. Regular drills and training sessions can help ensure everyone knows what to do in case of a fire.

Benefits of Having Fire Extinguishers on Forklifts

• Quick Fire Response: Having a fire extinguisher right on the forklift means you can jump into action immediately if a fire starts. This quick response can stop a small fire from turning into a big disaster.
• Boosts Safety Awareness: When fire extinguishers are visible on forklifts, it reminds everyone in the workplace to think about safety. It's like having a constant reminder that safety comes first, making everyone more careful and aware of potential fire hazards.

Drawbacks to Consider

• Limited Space: Forklifts aren't exactly spacious, and adding a fire extinguisher takes up valuable room. This could make things a bit cramped for the operator or limit how much the forklift can carry.
• Keeping Them Ready: Fire extinguishers need to be checked and maintained regularly to make sure they work when you need them. This means someone has to take the time to inspect them often, which can be a bit of a hassle. 

Placement of Fire Extinguishers 

Fire extinguishers are a crucial component in any fire safety plan, and it's important to place them in an easily accessible location on a forklift. Here are some guidelines for placing fire extinguishers on forklifts:

• Visibility: The fire extinguisher should be placed in a location that is easily visible to the operator and anyone else in the vicinity of the forklift. This will make it easier for them to locate and access the extinguisher in the event of a fire.
  
  
• Accessibility: The fire extinguisher should be mounted in a location that is easily accessible to the operator while they are seated on the forklift. This can be achieved by mounting the extinguisher on the side of the forklift or on a bracket attached to the forklift's mast.
  
  
• Secure Mounting: The fire extinguisher should be securely mounted so that it does not fall off or become dislodged during normal operation of the forklift. This can be achieved by using a bracket or strap to secure the extinguisher to the forklift.

It's important to follow local regulations and guidelines when placing fire extinguishers on forklifts, as well as to train forklift operators on the proper use of fire extinguishers.

Provision of Fire Extinguisher Training

The provision of fire extinguisher training for forklift operators is essential to ensure that they are prepared to respond in the event of a fire. The following are some of the key topics that should be covered in fire extinguisher training for forklift operators:

• Types of Fire: Forklift operators need to understand the different classes of fire and the appropriate type of fire extinguisher to use for each class.
  
  
• How to Use a Fire Extinguisher: The operator should be trained on how to properly use a fire extinguisher, including how to aim the nozzle, how to discharge the extinguisher, and how to use the fire extinguisher until the fire is completely out.
  
  
• Fire Safety Procedures: The operator should be trained on the proper fire safety procedures, including how to evacuate the area in the event of a fire, how to call the fire department, and how to use the fire extinguisher safely.
  
  
• Maintenance of Fire Extinguishers: The operator should be trained on the importance of regular maintenance of fire extinguishers, including how to check for proper pressure, how to check for leaks, and how to report any issues with the fire extinguisher.

Forklift operators need to receive regular fire extinguisher training, as well as regular refresher courses, to ensure that they remain knowledgeable about fire safety and the proper use of fire extinguishers. This training can be provided by the employer, a fire safety consultant, or a fire extinguisher manufacturer. 

Implementation Strategies for Employers

• Picking the Right Fire Put-Out-Thingy for Your Forklift: Look for a fire extinguisher that's easy to handle, not too heavy (about 5-10 pounds), and matches the kind of fires you might get in a forklift, like electrical or fuel fires. The label should say "ABC," meaning it's good for most types of fires.

• Teaching Your Crew How to Use Fire Extinguishers and Act in Emergencies: Make sure everyone knows how to use the extinguisher — remember PASS (Pull the pin, Aim low, Squeeze the handle, and Sweep side to side). Also, run through what to do if there's a fire, like where to go and who to call, at least a couple of times a year.

• Keeping Fire Extinguishers on Forklifts Ready and Checked: Check your fire extinguishers every month to make sure they're not damaged and the pressure gauge shows a full charge. Once a year, have a pro give them a thorough check-up. If it's been 5-10 years, you might need to replace them or get them refilled, even if they've never been used.

To Make a Conclusion

Fire extinguishers are required on forklifts to ensure that in the event of a fire, rapid response can be taken to prevent the spread of the fire and minimize damage. The regulations and standards set by organizations such as OSHA and NFPA, as well as state and local regulations, make it clear that fire extinguishers are a necessary component of a fire safety plan for forklifts. When selecting an appropriate fire extinguisher for a forklift, it's important to consider the type of fuel used by the forklift and choose a fire extinguisher that is appropriate for the type of fire that may occur.

Proper training for forklift operators on the use of fire extinguishers and regular maintenance of the fire extinguishers are also crucial to ensure that they are ready to use in the event of a fire.